【5000問】英語クイズ No.195／文法・ボキャブラリーの基礎

Population density is usually shown as the number of people per square kilometer.
Population density：人口密度
per：〜につき、〜あたり

Yesterday, the stock market reached a series of new highs.
a series of：一連の、ひと続きの

In the past, China and Korea called Japan “Wa,” and Japan also used it in diplomatic relations.
refer to oneself as：～と名乗る
diplomatic relations：国交、外交関係

He has a crush on a beautiful clerk and keeps visiting her at the store.
have a crush on someone：(口語) 人に夢中である、首ったけである

I would like to have a 5TB SSD instead of the 10TB one that I ordered previously.
instead of：〜の代わりに、〜ではなく
previously：以前に、前もって

Daniel is a little hard to deal with, but you will grow to like him.
deal with：(仕事・問題などを) 処理する、解決する、(人・感情・困難など) 対処する、コントロールする
grow to：(成長して) ～するようになる

Nothing is more shameful than underhand dealings and crooked undertakings.
nothing is more A than B：B ほど A なものはない
shameful：(行為・態度などが) 恥ずべき、不道徳な
underhand：卑劣な、不正な
dealing：(通例〜s) 商取引、交際、接し方、振る舞い
crooked：❶(真っ直ぐであるはずのものが) 曲がった、湾曲した ❷(くだけて) 不正の、インチキの
undertaking：仕事、引き受けたこと

Please be aware that international orders are subject to additional shipping rates.
please be aware that：〜にご留意ください
be subject to：〜の対象となる、〜を条件として

Japan is surrounded by the sea and must be on the alert for tsunamis caused by earthquakes.
surround：(物などが、物・人を) 囲む
be on the alert for：〜に対して十分に警戒している
tsunami：津波 (= tidal waves)
cause：【名詞】❶原因、要因 ❷理由、根拠 ／【他動詞】(良くない出来事などの) 原因となる、引き起こす

Sales have increased substantially since he became the store manager.
substantially：相当に、大幅に
since：【接続詞】(通例現在完了形と共に) 〜以来、(理由・原因) 〜なので、〜だから ／【前置詞】〜以来、〜以降

He said, “I would rather die with honor than live to my shame.”
honor：❶尊敬、敬意 ❷名誉(なこと)、光栄(なこと)
shame：❶恥ずかしさ ❷残念なこと

As soon as the whistle was blown, the dolphins jumped into the pool all together.

Since his appearance on television, his books have been in high demand.
since：【接続詞】(通例現在完了形と共に) 〜以来、(理由・原因) 〜なので、〜だから ／【前置詞】〜以来、〜以降
be in high demand：人気がある、大きな需要がある
demand：需要、要求

His speech created a lot of influence on the audience and made them understand the impacts of famine on the poor.
influence：【名詞】影響(力)、作用、感化 ／【他動詞】影響を与える、働きかける
make someone understand：伝える、理解させる
famine：(長期間に及ぶ) 飢饉、食糧不足

ABC Industries is considered a reliable company that regularly innovates in its field.
reliable：(人・製品などが) 信頼できる、頼りになる
innovate：新境地を開く、刷新する

Since they arrived, workmen have painted more than three-quarters of the hotel rooms in the older wing.
since：【接続詞】(通例現在完了形と共に) 〜以来、(理由・原因) 〜なので、〜だから ／【前置詞】〜以来、〜以降
wing：(通例修飾語を伴って) 建築物の翼

She would have fallen into the pond if he had not caught her by the arm.
「もしも〜であったなら、〜だっただろう」の仮定法過去完了の用法で、if 節は had done の形になります。

Staff who cannot attend meetings must email the reason by next Wednesday.
attend：【自動詞】(仕事・問題などを) 処理する、扱う ／【他動詞】(会議・儀式・裁判などに) 出席する

I became interested in your optional tours through your advertisement on the Internet.

It costs somewhere in the range of one to two hundred dollars.
in the range of：〜の範囲で
range：【名詞】範囲、領域、種類 ／【自動詞】(価格・温度・程度などが) 〜の範囲に及ぶ

In order to receive a Social Security number, you must present your birth certificate.
present：(かたく) 見せる、提示する
certificate：証明書、証書、免(許)状、(教育課程の) 修了証明書

The college roommates renewed their old friendship at their college reunion.
reunion：同窓会、再会の集い

I didn’t like this room at first, but the new wallpaper made all the difference.
make a difference：違いをもたらす、影響を及ぼす

I always keep extra batteries in my bag just in case.
extra：追加の、余分の、特別の
just in case：念のため、万が一

Warm the tea cups and pour the tea evenly from cup to cup.
pour：❶(液体を) 注ぐ、つぐ、(粒状のものを) かける ❷(活動・組織などに、資金・援助・努力などを) 投入する、投資する
alternating：交互の、互い違いの